Context: Joshua narrates the partial fulfillment of the Abrahamic promise: the entry into and conquest of Canaan under Joshua, Moses' successor. The book divides into three sections: entry (chs. 1–5) with the miraculous Jordan crossing and the fall of Jericho at the sound of trumpets; military campaigns (chs. 6–12); and land distribution (chs. 13–24).

Complex theology: The destruction of the Canaanite peoples (cherem) is presented as divine judgment on civilizations whose iniquity was "complete" (cf. Gen 15:16 — 400 years of waiting) and as protection of Israel's religious identity. The story of Rahab (ch. 2) — a prostitute who hid the spies and was preserved — demonstrates that even a Canaanite can be incorporated into God's people through faith. She appears in Jesus' genealogy (Matt 1:5).

Typology: Joshua is a typological figure of Jesus (both called Yeshua in Hebrew), leading the people to their inheritance as Christ leads the Church. The book ends with the great Shechem assembly and covenant renewal: "As for me and my house, we will serve the Lord" (24:15).